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| The extensive decline in dental caries has not benefited all children equally. U.S. data reveal that 20-25% of children still have high decay levels - the so-called high-risk children. Children and adults with special medical problems are at higher risk for dental caries. Diagnosis & Tests Traditionally, the clinical detection of carious lesions on tooth crowns has involved the use of a sharp explorer, a viewing mirror, an artificial light source and air-drying of tooth surfaces to improve visibility. However, concerns about a possible increase in mild tooth fluorosis have prompted recommendations to use less dentifrice and supervise the toothbrushing of young children. None of these rinses are intended for use in children under age 5. They have been extensively tested since 1979 in randomized clinical trials and have proven to be effective in reducing this most common form of surface decay. In one study, the only apparent causative role of sugar was related to decay of smooth surfaces between the teeth; however, this type of surface decay has rapidly declined in children recently. As ordinarily practised, in neither case is there evidence that these lead to caries reductions. |
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